Ten stories the mysterious world

Ten stories the mysterious world

10. The mystery of Stonehenge's

Stonehenge was built in three sections over 6,400 years from the Neolithic inhabitants of Salisbury Plain in southern England, Stonehenge has captivated visitors for thousands of years. This area
contains 30 stones weighing just our 26 and 30 horizontal top stones. Each rock weighs 6 tons and is carved out "bluestone" from a few kilometers away. Neolithic builders were able to create a monument that has perplexed mankind for thousands of years using only tools consisting of stone. Even after all these years, no one really knows why the building's Stonehenge. Another mystery that this work is enormous and construct her and she falls into what look blue stones are used, which are gigantic.

9. Assassination of John F. Kennedy

John F. Kennedy was shot once in the back and once in the head while traveling with his wife Jacqueline in the presidential motorcade through the streets of Dallas, Texas on November 22, 1963. Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested 45 minutes after the shooting against Kennede's. After several hours of interrogation without following many procedures he was charged with murder. It was later killed by Jack Ruby in the garage of the police building on November 24, hundreds of journalists. On November 29, President Lyndon B. Johnson created a committee called the "Warren" to investigate the murder. Commission directed Earl Warren, Chief Justice of the United States, and found that Oswald was the lone assassin and that he did murder the sixth floor of a building that served as a school book depository. The weapon which was used was a rifle Mannlicher-CARCANO Italian.

8. The Crystal Skull

The mystery of the crystal skull corresponds more years back. In 1881, two American mercenaries have found the first two crystal skulls. Thirteen crystal skulls, have been found throughout Central and South America. Perhaps the most famous skull of skulls ever found is "Mitchell-Hedges", found by a seventeen year old Anna Mitchell Hedges while accompanying her father Frederick Albert Mitchell Hedges on an expedition. It was later discovered that Mitchell Hedges bought the skull at a Sotheby's auction in London in 1943. Another famous skull is that of the British Museum and purchased in Mexico.

7. The tomb of Vlad Dracula

Count Dracula, "the real Dracula" was actually a prince Ëallachia (now part of Romania). A good defense against the Turks, he is portrayed as a hero, a patriot and a ruthless villain. Vlad Dracula was a cruel ruler who tortured between 40,000 and 100,000 of his enemies, both Turks and fellow countrymen who posed a threat to his power. He was killed in battle against the Turks near Bucharest in 1476. The Turks then killed and beheaded here has sent the Ottoman sultan, Mehmed II. The rest of his body is still not known where.

6. House of amber

This stunning room was built in 1701 by the first king of Prussia, but soon moved to Russia as a gift to Peter the Great. House is more than 55 square meters and build it took 10 years and six tons of Baltic amber. When Hitler standing army in the Soviet Union, curators tried to move room again, but amber had become brittle, so they hid it behind a plain background. However, the Nazis knew where to look for the famous work of art and soldiers destroyed the room in order to put him in Königsberg. Konigsbergut Castle was heavily bombed by the air force Kingdom during a war. According to some reports qelibatrë room managed to survive the war but has not been seen ever since.

5. Human incomprehensible riddle

When you think of "Sphinx" option, all immediately think of-in the Great Sphinx at Giza, but the Sphinx was a powerful symbol in Greece and Syria. In fact the origin of the Sphinx's gjëagjëzës comes from the ancient Greek legends. According to the ancient Greeks, if a man goes the way of the Sphinx, it will ask: "What is the creature that walks on four legs in the morning, two legs in the afternoon and three at night?" If they can not answer, the Sphinx would devour them, however, if they give the correct answer, the Sphinx would destroy herself. The only person who has survived this procedure is said Oudipus Greek hero, who answered "man". But Sphinx continued to say that other questions.

4. Jack the Ripper

One of the unsolved murder cases in the world, is Jack the Ripper, who has put fear in the heart of Victorian London and wander in our imagination today. Between August and November 1888, five prostitutes were murdered in Ëhitechapel, an area in east London. Although Victoria in London was a rich country, the East was a very poor area of ​​the city. Most of the houses were Jewish refugees from Russia, Poland and Romania. Ëhitechapel also had the highest rate of crime in the city. Everything about the murders seems to be a mystery, the identity of the killer until the letters that were sent to the police. The number of victims is still a mystery. It is generally accepted that the number of victims of Jack the Ripper was five. Others say they were four, but in fact all of this remains a mystery. But in fact the story of Jack the Ripper's had a real effect, not only in the rest of London, but also throughout the British Empire.

3. Ark of the agreement

Ark of the agreement has captivated people since it was first mentioned in the Bible in Exodus 25. God instructed to build a temple where the Israelites could worship God, and inside it will be a special room called "the saint of the Shenta" and would be placed exactly checkout. The room was made of acacia wood covered in gold. It contains three precious objects, two stone tablets containing the "Ten Commandments", one of Aaron's rod and a pot of gold. It is also rumored that his god resided between the wings of the country. The ark was not only the center of the faith of Israel, but it also had supernatural powers and was able to defeat their enemies.

2. King Arthur

Is there really one of the most famous kings or is it just a myth in order to inspire British troops? For the first time it was mentioned by a cleric called Nennius Wales in the ninth century. However, the main contribution is full of famous kings of Britain's history, which dates back to the twelfth century. It was claimed that King Arthur was unsurpassed in power and diplomacy, a great warrior king who led Wales, Scotland, Ireland, Norway, Denmark, Germany, England and Galin. Are rumors that his story is false, but it does not avoid the love that people have for the legend of King Arthur.

1. Island of Lost Atlantit

One of the oldest mysteries in the world, Atlantit legend has confused mankind since ancient times. According to the Greek philosopher Plato, Atlanti was a large island somewhere west of Gibraltar and into the house of a more advanced civilization known as the Atlanteans. Atlantin Plato described as a place of great beauty, with a palace complex in the center ring of the three channels. He said that every king that inherited the palace would add a floor, trying to overcome his predecessor and thus making it a palace that has combined the beauty and richness. The locals were blessed with wealth, but at the same time they were too ambitious, constantly seeking power. Atlantis is said to have met its end when he was hit by a giant earthquake and has finished in the deep sea.

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Mystery of the Bermuda Triangle, has three secrets of scary!!!

In this article we will talk about the Bermuda Triangle, located in the Atlantic Ocean, in which starting from 1800 to date are a mysteriously disappeared at least over a hundred boats and planes and in some cases it is verified that are found small sailing boats or empty, without crew, although their board everything was normal and rescue boats were still in their seats, therefore the one side there was no reason to justify a crew escape for reasons of urgency and the other rescue boat presence indicates that the crew was removed from the ship with his desire for a certain reason, because in this case would have to use boats as we said, where they were found, without përdorur.Do start by describing some special cases and famous on the disappearance of ships and planes in the Bermuda Triangle.Once we describe these mysterious disappearances, will take into consideration some hypotheses that are placed to give an explanation of these mysterious disappearances and to try to solve the mystery of the Triangle's first holder shall Bermudës.Anija missing in Triangle Bermuda for which you speak is Marine Sulphur Queen, which was launched on February 2, 1963 from Galveston to Norfolk. Marine Sulphur Queen ship should arrive in Norfolk on 7 February. But on that day, seeing that the ship was delayed by hours of arrival, the Coast Guard gave alarmin.Po to ponder well, there was something strange in the rush to give the alarm, if I felt that something was wrong.Perhaps sounding the alarm acceleration has to do with the fact that after two private messages broadcast on February 4, 1963, radio board the ship was surprisingly silent transmetuari.Në February 8, 7 planes fly over the area included between Galveston Bay Florida . But, even with the commitment of the people who took part in the research, did not encounter any ship, no relics, no suspicious stain. The next day was again conducted research, the holder shall turn away but this time there was found no sign of the ship on February 13th dyshimtë.Deri many flights were undertaken discovery in an area of ​​500,000 km2. The area is also inspected by several research vessels and captains questioned the very ship that supposedly had followed the same trajectory of the missing vessel. Although every effort was made there was no result.The disappearance of a large ship located near the coast in an area relatively narrow and without any danger signaling issued by ship is a true mystery. According to experts who dealt with research, the ship seemed suddenly disappeared without leaving any trace. The most surprising thing was that the disappearance occurred in a narrow area near the coast and many trafficked from Coast Guard investigative anijet.Komisioni published a very detailed report on the disappearance of the vessel. In this report concluded that the disappearance of the vessel was inexplicable, because the reason for sailing conditions and weather did not create any danger to anijen.Tani will take into account the disappearance in the Bermuda Triangle Cyclops, a large vessel used for supplying U.S. troops based in the South Atlantic. The disappearance of this ship occurred in 4 March 1918. The ship departed from Bahia on 21 February 1918 to the U.S. but never reached its destination. Last signaling for ships became 4 March, the day on which Cyclopsi stopped in the port of La Barbade, but it was the last time anyone saw the ship because it never arrived in Norfolk.According to the Investigation Commission undertook an investigation into the disappearance of the vessel it comes to a total extinction, perfect, inexplicable: no SOS, no relic, no lifeboat, no suspicion or evidence to understand what had happened Coast anijes.Roja issued a meaningful statement in which the disappearance of the Cyclops was considered one of the most puzzling of all time in the Navy Bregdetare.Por mysteries of the Bermuda Triangle does not end here, on the contrary, the disappearance of the Cyclops is less mysterious than that which would read more poshtë.Ne 1881 American ship Ellen Austin spotted by a sailing up coming towards the shore.Ellen Austin captain ordered the ship closer to the shore that is completed but all were left stunned when they noticed that the ship was completely empty, without crew. As a first hypothesis crew thought it was removed from the vessel by waves, and therefore the captain of the ship Ellen Austin sailing transferred some of his crew, returning both one after another tjetrës.Natën a fog suddenly appeared and, when it was dissolved, Ellen Austin was found only in the sea. Two days later velieri mysterious reappeared again and, surprisingly, still looked as if could not keep the right direction during the cruise, although this time the sails were open.The ship Ellen Austin rimorkioi velierin and crew had called people that were transferred there from Ellen Austin. To everyone's surprise no one answered, because velieri was again without any crew on the Ellen Austin bord.Kapiteni asked again among his crew volunteer to go to velierin accept being towed. This time it was not easily found people volunteer because they were all terrified by the disappearance of the previous crew. However the difficulties found other people who forgive the amount of money available to the captain, were transferred to sailing and went on sëbashku.Por not much, because soon appeared the same horrible scene. Overnight fog reappeared again the terrified crew Ellen Austin. The next morning it was gone again, but reappeared the next day again, and this time without crew on board. Then the captain surrendered Ellen Austin and not sent to anyone in velierin mysterious being convinced that it ships shtriguar something had happened, a curse.But in the Bermuda Triangle are not only missing boat, but a significant number of aircraftThe first case of the disappearance of aircraft that will take into consideration occurred on 5 December 1945 and deals with military aircraft Avenger 5. These Avenger aircraft took off from Fort base in Florida for a workout but never returned to base. Wanting to sintetizojmë what happened, we should first point out that, half an hour later after launching Squadron, the base of departure from the Jets took a message very striking Avenger: The Avenger pilots s not communicated see more land and therefore had humbur.Ky message is absolutely inexplicable because the Jets were still a side near the base of departure and is not to have to see that, in turn open and the sky was clear appearance.Flight Controller skuadriljen boss advised to return to the West but the answer that came from the boss squadron was totally incomprehensible. He actually said he was not sure of any direction and also said that the color of the ocean was different from that of the phrase unintelligible zakonshmja.Pas on the basis of control people began to worry seriously, or rather to panic face of this unusual event. Avenger aircraft seemed to have ended in another dimension where the color of the sea was different from ours. Long minutes passed ankth.Pas filled with about a half hour flight controller jumped from the chair he received a new message no less elusive. In fact boss Avenger squadron of aircraft position communicated that he did not know where the planes were and closed his message with these enigmatic words: it seems like we ...After these words the flight controller lost contact with each Avenger aircraft and they disappeared përgjithmonë.Tani will talk about the disappearance of another aircraft which took place just hours after the disappearance of those Avenger. Ten minutes later this message fabulous base commander gave the order to a hidrovolant Mariner flying towards the last position where planes were Avenger before disappearing. Mariner Hidrovolanti AEE position reached in 1 hour. Marineri messages sent regularly because many of the details of the crew members were experts in this type of research. Commander stayed pending new posts by Mariner, which failed me. The commander thought that was a good sign, interpreting the lack of posts by the fact that the Mariner were being taken to rescue the surviving pilots of aircraft Avenger.However with the passage of hours commander became concerned and asked to communicate with hidrovolanti Mariner but not responding. Mariner was also missing like Avenger aircraft. Immediately set off other planes and boats to search hidrovolantin mariner, including an aircraft carrier, but although research, had to accept the fact that Mariner and disappeared like Avenger s. These are not only missing planes in the Bermuda Triangle: the period between 1950 and 1995 are missing and 20 aircraft tjerë.Pasi have described the disappearance of ships and planes in the Bermuda Triangle, will show hypotheses are formulated to explain Triangle mystery Bermudës.Shumë brief we can say that the cast are three hypotheses: Atlantis hypothesis, the presence in the Bermuda Triangle ekstradimensionale windows or window multidimensional hypothesis that explains the mystery of the Bermuda Triangle under the terms of UFOs.Hypotheses about the Bermuda Triangle Mystery1. Hypothesis AntlatidaAtlantis hypothesis supporters acknowledge that the underwater ruins of the lost continent of Atlantis out several deadly rays, leading to the disappearance of ships and aircraft. Words, according to these authors, among the ruins of Atlantis underwater weapons found belonged atlantidasve and are still functional, and certain moments that we can not know when, beam emerging from these deadly weapons which destroy ships and planes. One of the supporters of this thesis, David Zinc, decided definition of these rays as "fire crystal" and hipotizon that these weapons fire from which comes the crystal activated when taken together, a variety of factors, in which these deficiencies weapons although still able to function, remain inactive. Always according Zinc is always this "fire crystal" due to magnetic turbulence and gravitational anomalies encountered in the Triangle Bermudës.Mbështetësit Atlantis hypothesis gives a great importance to the prophecies of Edgar Cayce, a famous American vegjenti very known in the U.S.. Edgar Cayce went into trance when he was wont to prophesy different things, among others, and some that had to do with Atlantis Poseidonia he called, that was the name by which the inhabitants of the lost continent called Atlantis. Cayce on Atlantis showed that the cities were great, mysterious cars transporting matter and a stone fire was able to capture and use the power of miraculous power kozmike.Gjithashtu formulated Edgar Cayce, he was in a trance, a prophecy more precisely in 1940.He predicted that a part of the ruins of a temple of Atlantis, which was buried under the mud of Bimini, an island just outside of Florida, be assessed discovered 28 years later, ie in 1968. In fact, in 1968 just in Bimini, some divers discovered some stone blocks that could be the walls of a ruined temple, and other debris that could be walls and streets of a city submerged under water long ago. New diving and aerial photos seem to confirm the existence of these ruins. However, it should be said that not all oceanographers are unsure of these stone blocks are part of the ruins of Atlantis. Must say that, even though this was only accept these rocks as oceanography, these rocks are without doubt a very strange shape, they give the idea that may be the remains of a sunken city. Even if we were to accept that these stone blocks are really as they seem, the ruins of a sunken city, does not necessarily mean that they are the remains of a missing Atlanditës city, from the moment the water level along the sea centuries has raised more than once, and among other marine storms may have flooded coastal cities in the distant past, and who have nothing in common with the continent of Atlantis.2. Dritararja multidimensionalOther authors believe that the disappearances of aircraft and ships in the Bermuda Triangle are due to the presence in the geographical area of ​​a window or a window ekstradimensionale multidimensional (windows put in contact ekstradimensionale our dimension, our universe, a parallel dimension and windows multidimensional put in touch with a number of other dimensions and parallel universes not just one). These authors claim that spinning electromagnetic and gravitational anomalies that occur in the Bermuda Triangle are consequently ekstradimensionale window or multidimensional. Our opinion is that this hypothesis, together with ufologjike will elaborate below, is more reliable than that of Atlantis being that in some cases of disappearances of ships or aircraft looks like they are just transported to other dimensions.3. UFOWill now consider the third hypothesis to search fading mystery of the Bermuda Triangle, according to this hypothesis disappearances of ships and aircraft in the area are caused by UFO abductions. Author on all defended this thesis has sought evidence to support the American ufologu Jessup is that dedicated much of his time to the study of possible connections midir UFOs and mystery of the Bermuda Triangle. Unfortunately Jessup decision prevented the suicide attempt ufologun U.S. to continue his investigations Report on UFOs and the Bermuda Triangle as well as the other elements of phenomenology ufologjike (below will show something on the suicide of Jessup because suicide is a mysterious and suspicious, whose causes are still unknown).According to Jessup UFOs cause the disappearance of ships and planes in the Bermuda Triangle to grab human beings. According ufologut the waters of the Bermuda Triangle should be an underwater alien base on which transported people, ships and planes that disappeared in that area. Jessup gave much importance because these disappearances considered a very disturbing fact that the aliens abducting people, because it had confirmed the fact that the human race against negative purposes. We should note that in his books Jessup has been frequently highlighted the fact that the biggest problem that should solve the UFO was to understand what were the people who were aliens. Briefly Jessup claimed that if aliens came to Earth, must have valid reasons to do that trip. The problem was to clarify whether he had good intentions or bad against the human race. If they were positive towards people travel motives or their presence on Earth should not bother people, otherwise, if it were negative, the motives that drove toward Earth should bother many people. Now, if those responsible for disappearances of ships and planes in the Bermuda Triangle were aliens that means, according to Jessup, the possibility existed that the aliens were bad goals against people and imagining the consequences of these fundit.Përveç these Jessup claimed the spinning magnetic and gravitational anomalies present in the Bermuda Triangle were caused by underwater base built by aliens to grab people.Jessup suicideLet us conclude this article with some facts about the suicide of Jessup. Police opened an investigation to determine the motives short of suicide Jessup which closed quite easily and quickly, saying Jessup committed suicide because he was still in love with the woman, who was divorced from scientist some time ago. According to U.S. police that Jessup had committed suicide as a cause of marital failure was that he died just a few days after his ex-wife to marry for the second time. Briefly final report on the suicide of Jessup said the scientist, not in any way accept that the ex-wife would marry after a few days, decided exactly what day suicide because they were alive just like the day it will martohej.Ky explanation on suicide was never able to convince John Keel so he began to investigate the death of Jessup personally. Investigations undertaken by John Keel noted that some facts had been puzzling and frightening before veëvrasjes of Jessup.So American ufologu Keel refused and rejected the final report of the police investigation lokale.Do tell you now one of the scary facts that emerged from investigations of John Keel. This actually happened two suicide diëe before U.S. ufologut Jessup. Keel came to this fact by asking close friends Jessup, Jessup, whether they had mentioned something that might explain his act of suicide. Persistence of the keel when he met a close friend who worked as astrophysics Jessup in U.S. Military Navy, and as a result other than the fact that Jessup was a friend of his and a colleague (Jessup was a scientist). He revealed that Jessup's keel two days before he committed suicide had made him a call, which showed that he had found the terrible things about UFOs and also that some time can not sleep more quiet because his house inexplicable things happen and scary. Jessup friend asked to explain better but said U.S. ufologu can not tell much on the phone, therefore invited to meet at his house and talk personally.Since Jessup friend at the time was in a city far from where he lived Jessup, both agreed that would meet two days later at his home. Jessup close call saying his friend astrophysics that if the Earth's inhabitants will wake up to the terrible information he had discovered about UFOs, would become a victim of uncontrollable terror. Unfortunately, when the friend arrived home the afternoon of the day Jessup scheduled to meet, found dead and the police said it was suicide in the early hours of the morning.Unfortunately we will not achieve ever know what terrible thing had discovered Jessup UFO and are not even able to do on this hypothesis. However we agree with Keel call it clearly shows two things: first that Jessup was not suicide for not accepting the marriage of his former wife, secondly as possible and admits that even keel as Jessup and other blindfolded ufologists was persecuted by supernatural creatures, which explained the reason for that why could not sleep comfortably sleep at night because of unexplained phenomena that occur at home so this article tij.Mbyllim evidenced by the fact that Keel has admitted many times that in its archive has collected evidence on 100 UFO, who have shown that they have had problems with this type of supernatural being, problems that have occurred and the keel itself.

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Chinese who lived 256 years

This is indeed a strange story, which starts from a small village in China in 1677. This is the story of Li Ching-Yun, the man who is believed to have lived 256 years. Li Ching Yuen or Li Ching-Yun was born in 1677 or 1736 and died on 6 May 1933. He himself claimed that he was born in 1736 and some data show that was born in 1677. Throughout his life, Lee married 23 women, which gave him 180 children.
In 1928, the American newspaper correspondent, "New York Times" wrote that many of the elderly people of his ward, knew him since they were kids and since then he had been a grown man.
After 10 years of school did, he began to gather medicinal plants. After receiving experience in this regard, "New York Times" wrote that for 100 years sold medicinal plants. China is one of the places where plants grow more "miraculous", which grow mainly in height too big.
Around 1930, Professor Wu Ching-Chien Chengdu University of looking for his story found a 1827 document, where the government wished him 150th anniversary of the birth while another document of 1877, the 200th anniversary congratulating him .
Officially longevity record for holding French, Jeanne Calment, who lived 122 years and 164 days. Chinese state is referred to Li but it is under investigation.
The secret of longevity
It is not known if the secret of his longevity, has about plants "miraculous". For detection of secrecy, one day emperor of China, Wu Pei-fu travel to his house to ask him. To this he responded: "Keep quiet heart, like turtles ..., walk like a penguin happy and go to sleep like a dog."
Having joined the Chinese army at age 71, he showed that the secret of life were daily exercises, which do properly, correctly and with sincerity - for 120 years.
Life
Since the age of 10 he took up the herb in ranges and began to learn about methods to live longer with the diet being fed grass and rice wine. He lived this way for 40 years.
In 1927, Li Ching Yuen was invited by General Yang Sen to visit him, he fixed the time when his famous portrait. Some of his friends have said the last words were: "I have done everything I should do in this world. Now I must go home. " After his death, General Yang Sen investigated the truth about his age and published a report on the findings.

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6 pages of secret NASA should see

NASA science is integrated into Twitter, YouTube uses skillfully and makes conversations in Google+ even more interesting. But what do we know are many features in the company's websites which bring extraordinary scientific characteristics to simple internet user. Here are 6 of them.

1. Your mission in space

What do these moments astronauts in space? Through the International Space Station Live you can monitor daily chores that people perform real time space. The site allows you to see every one of the activities of team members flying from Scientific experiments, activities outside the flying car to daily activities such as feeding, sleeping and team exercises.

2. Spatial activities in our lives

Every time you brush your teeth using NASA technology. Long ago the agency had cooperated with the hospital to create a toothpaste that can parsing. This product was originally developed for astronauts who have limited access to the toilet. Similar technologies which are also part of everyday life explained and presented in terrestrial NASA Home and City interactive feature. From baby food to fire-duruese materials.

3. Application: Station App

International Spatial Station orbits 386 kilometers above our heads from a speed of 281.63km per hour. Because the object is the third brightest in the sky, one can discern station with the naked eye, without the aid of telescopes. The trick lies in proper time. In November last year NASA has released Spot the Station application that notifies you when the message is visible station in your area. The announcement comes a few hours you earlier so you have time to Be ready.

4. Download spatial sound

NASA owns a section on its website where you can download any spatial sound can imagine. The phone sounds are available in MP3 and M4R version.

5. Scroll to the solar system

Through this service you can walk through spatial objects through 3D animations. Subtracting in a asteroid,  by Curiosity on Mars or travel with Voyager end sun system.

6. Ekspeditore teams turned into icons of pop culture

In recent years the agency has designer team used their creativity to be transformed into icons astronauts 'geek'. Inspired by Hollywood films like The Matrix, Star Trek and Reservoir Dogs, astronaut crews come in higher resolutions posters, transformed into stars of cinema.

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The untold truth

Everyone may perceive this as an era of "total war" between Islam and the West, an era of fierce conflict, fueled by hatred and reciprocal cycles of violence. This is certainly the vision of the Crusades, used to promote the idea of ​​an inevitable clash of civilizations between Europe and the Muslim world. But is this really a concept for the era of the Crusades, if you scrutinize?
This was not a friendly era agreements easiest and harmony, but seeing prevailing realities of the world in general, should not be a surprise. West itself in the Middle Ages was fraught with rivalries between Christians and endless wars, social and religious intolerance was also growing everywhere. According to these standards, blending contacts and continuing conflicts in eastern Mediterranean during the Crusades was not so great. In an analysis of balances, tells the story of the Crusades is not at all that Islam and the West were then destined to go to a "clash of civilizations"
Powerful images and immediate memory associated with the medieval Crusades were dominated by war and violence: the first messengers of the Crusades who walked on the blood of Muslims knee on July 15, 1099, after the barbaric killings of the capture of Jerusalem ; crusade army 88 years later in the battlefield of Hattin, in the wake of a terrible loss at the hands of the greatest hero of Islam, Saladin, and Baibari, Sultan of the Mamluks of Egypt relentless, which closed doors in Antioch kryqëzatorit May 19, 1268, before being slaughtered in their thousands.
In this background, anyone can perceive this as an era of "total war" between Islam and the West, an era of fierce conflict, fueled by hatred and reciprocal cycles of violence. This is certainly the vision of the Crusades, used to promote the idea of ​​an inevitable clash of civilizations between Europe and the Muslim world. But is this really a concept for the era of the Crusades, if you scrutinize?
Death of the Prophet Muhammad in 632 was followed by a wave of Islamic expansion furious, as Arab tribes poured out of the Arabian peninsula and drew Palestine (including Jerusalem), Syria, Iraq, Iran and Egypt with an unusual speed. In the century that followed, the pace of expansion slowed somewhat, but he nevertheless continued as among eighth century Muslim world stretched from the Indus River and the borders of China in the east, along the northern Africa to Spain and southern France in the west.
Already in 1000 the Muslims living in border communities in Western Europe, the best known in the Iber and Sicily. Those looking to find evidence of contacts constructive and not destructive in medieval Islam appointments with the Christian West, usually come from these two border areas. There reveal abundant evidence for intercultural exchanges, broadcasting intellectuals and artistic fusion.
In contrast, the history of the Crusades often accepted as unidimensional as driven only by holy war and jihad Christians and Muslims. In fact, such an approach greatly underestimates the complexity and colors of war for the Holy Land began with the First Crusade in 1095 and ended with the collapse of states built by the Crusaders in 1291.
The land beyond the sea
After the first crusade, was created four countries - isolated outposts Christians that lasted almost two centuries and was recognized as OUTREMER (land across the sea). Impressive history of those four settlements certainly reveals a constant battle against the Muslims mbijtesë eastern Mediterranean.
But history OUTREMER provides numerous examples of relations between Christians and Muslims, in a way that throws up the idea that this was a world of perpetual conflict. States raised from the Crusades were rapidly assimilated by local customs and all parties began to show a pragmatic desire to make a bargain, even alliances with those who were supposed to be their enemies when necessary.
So in 1108, less than a decade after the brutal Jerusalem from the Crusades, Latinos and Muslims fought alongside Antioch neighboring city of Aleppo against a common enemy, in this moment, a second unusual coalition, consisting of strength Christian rivals set by the state of the Crusades, of Edessa, and Iraqis from Mosul.
Some contacts were at a more personal level. Antioken nobleman Robert Fitz Fulk, developed a close friendship with Turkish fighter Tughteini of Damascus in the early 12th century. Desecrate it helped cement a short-lived alliance between their two cities in 1115. But until 1119, the two were very cool with each other.
When Robert was arrested and brought to Damascus that year, he may have hoped that would be left free. In fact, when he refused to renounce his Christian faith, anger and Tughteinin grabbed Robert's head cut off "by hurling a sword". Later he said he had washed Tughteini gold skull old friend.
In the remainder of the twelfth century and beyond, Muslims and Christians from the West often appeared willing to negotiate temporary agreement that would be beneficial to both parties. Even Saladin, who took power in Syria in 1174 with the promise it would hold jihad and denouncing other Muslims constantly making deals with the Latins, Comte secretly made an agreement with Tripoli in 1176. Sultan continued to demonstrate the same flexible approach to diplomatic contacts for the rest of his career.
Great care must be made when evaluating the significance of these examples of negotiations, arrangements or alliances. They do not represent an attempt to make lasting peace between Islam and the West. They were more exercises to achieve maximum convenience. In the Middle Ages, diplomacy was usually a tool for conflict, which used to reach advantages, or a temporary reprieve during which had regained strength to resume hostilities. However, it is striking to observe that, even in the context of a war of religiously charged by the domination of the Holy Land, the persistence of a "total war" proved impossible, and perhaps undesirable.
Throughout the first half of the 13th century, the descendants of Saladin were more willing to make deals with countries created by the Crusades. It seems that their goal was to maintain a delicate balance of powers in the East, so that trade agreements between East and West empowered. In fact, the era of the Crusades not only resulted in a glut of trade between sworn enemies, but there was even an almost exponential growth in the size and scope of trade contacts between Islam and Latin Europe.
Italian merchants from Venice, Pisa and Genoa played a role in this process, creating enclaves in major ports of the States of the Crusades, as well as in coastal cities, while created a complex network of trade routes transmesdhetare.
These pulsating artery of trade, connecting the east and close to the West, East and products enabled valuables from the Middle East and Asia to reach the European markets.
The transfer of goods from the Muslim world in the Mediterranean ports was very important not only for Christians. It became one of the key elements of near eastern economy as a whole, life for Muslim traders establish trade routes for caravans eastward; very important for income Islam's great cities, Aleppo and Damascus. These common interests and interdependence produced stirred carefully curated contacts, even in times when political and military conflicts were at their peak. In the end - even among holy war - trade was too important to cut.
And Iberian Muslim pilgrim traveler Ibn Jubayr was a living witness of this phenomenon. During a trip in early 1180 that he began in North Africa, Arabia, Iraq and Syria, he passed through the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem, with a caravan of Muslim merchants from Damascus, visiting Akre and tire prior to boarding the ship to Sicily .
He described the structured systems to ensure the free flow of commercial traffic, strict safety regulations, customs more efficient, including a Akká where customs officers were hired to speak Arabic as holding registers, as well as two-storey warehouses for storing Akká goods. Business between Christians and Muslims carried out "with citizens and respect and with no injustice".
Until the 13th century, with the encouragement of Ayybid, Akká had become the most important port of entry in the Mediterranean - the Levant warehouses in which goods coming from all countries of the Crusades, the near east and beyond. They magazinoheshin there before they left the ship to the west. Meanwhile, the traffic sent from west to east.
It became increasingly common for traders to travel to Latin Muslim territories, by trading woolen goods and saffron (the only western spice found in East market) in Damascus, before returning to the acre of a new shipment of silk and precious stones and semi precious stones.
Not all were impressed by the rapid pace of life in the Mediterranean port. A Latin bishop called "a second Babylon," calling Akká "a city filled with awesome ... indecent acts and evil deeds", with a population that was "dedicated to all the senses of the body" - said Prostitution has flourished so much that even the clergy gave it their rented rooms prostitutes.
Condemnatory tone of these comments was at least partly a response to Aker status as a "meeting place" culture: a meeting place between Islam and the West, where Latinos can be exposed and met with the habits of native states.
The debate is still open how many residents of states embraced crusades lifestyle and practices of people in the eastern Mediterranean. A veteran of the First Crusade certainly suggested that there was an element of customization when he wrote in 1120 "that God had transformed the West in the East. For us Westerners had been already turned east we were. " However, credible evidence of assimilation are very rare.
Perhaps the most remarkable source of information in this regard is Osama bin Munqidh 'and his book "Book of Contemplation", a collection of tales and anecdotes. Born in 1095 - the same year when the Crusades began - Osama was a noble Syrian Arab who had enjoyed a long career enormously diverse as the warrior, diplomat and advisor. As such, he was the right person to witness the Crusades.
Myslimanëve.Për entertainment orientalize issue of Latinos, Osama wrote: "There are some who are accustomed to Western and Muslim societies attending. These are better than those who have just arrived from their countries, but these are the exception and can not be considered as typical cases ". Later, he mentions the story of a knight in Antioch Latino elderly, who already use the kitchen just east had employed "Egyptian cook" amuse and delight guests with Muslims. This approach to near eastern food is also due to the spread between Latinos of different local foods - from citrus and pomegranates, to rice and lentils.
Elsewhere, Osama bin Munqidh described how he had visited a bath in Tyre, open to Latino and Muslim, and the fact that he had heard of a bath run by Muslims to take. The latter directed by a named Selim, who had a history recounted Usamas (which he considered egregious) for a frank rider who had visited his premises. Knight had decided that, as the Aegis depilohej hooked and was so pleased, that he had called his wife: She fell, and jockey said: "Do it like you did on me!" So, I depilova and his wife, while the rider sat on saw. Later, he thanked me and thanked me for my service. " Osama then reflect on the great contradiction that drive this anecdote, that Westerners "have no sense of ownership or honor, yet they have a lot of great courage."
Interest Osama was almost always to the strangest and unusual, so his material should be viewed with caution. However, his work often offers impressive views of daily life in the states shows that the Crusades and the newcomers did not live in a seal the culture, but they were committed to a mass adoption and assimilation. During the war for the Holy Land, and timeliness pragmatic political reality, military and commercial arrivals meant that the Crusades would have frequent contact with the natives of the countries of birth, including Muslims. Thus, the Crusades created a border of environments where Europeans were able to interact with and absorb eastern eastern culture.
Although characterized by a religious war for territories holy crusades were not held as "total war" and led to the meeting point between Christians and Muslims, not very different from those observed in Sicily and Iber.
This was not a friendly era agreements easiest and harmony, but seeing prevailing realities of the world in general, should not be a surprise. West itself in the Middle Ages was fraught with rivalries between Christians and endless wars, social and religious intolerance was also growing everywhere. According to these standards, blending contacts and continuing conflicts in eastern Mediterranean during the Crusades was not so great. In an analysis of balances, tells the story of the Crusades is not at all that Islam and the West were then destined to go to a "clash of civilizations".

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Our most common phobias

Our most common phobias

Due to fear of the dog, people escaping from small puppies, but fear of the dentist makes that many people have broken teeth and agree with this. Because of the fear, do not go to the dentist 9-20% of people, an American study has shown. Phobia of the dentist is one of the most frequent, but also among the most dangerous, since its consequences can result in major pain to broken teeth.

Causes of this phobia can be diverse from the first ordeal, to the fear of needles, or feelings of uselessness. Even kinofobia, or fear of the dog is also frequent. It has to do with all breeds of dogs, including dogs that are so small, it can not cause no harm to human. Here are some other phobia.

Thunder, lightning and loud thunder and cause acceleration of the heartbeat, sweating of hands to hands, but also great fear of some people. About 73% of people more or less afraid of bad weather and murmurs. Experts believe that this percentage is even higher.

Terry: Fear of darkness is the most common fears of children. Terry is unpredictable for children imagine what different things - ghosts, thieves, elderly, or scary animals. Most of the children overcome this problem with their growth.

Plane: it is estimated that about 25 million people in the world suffer from phobia of flying the plane. This fear can be so great that people to travel for weeks with buses, only only not on the plane ride.

Height: About 3-5% of people worldwide have extreme fear of heights. Viewing the highest buildings to cause dizziness and pain.

Spiders: Fear of spiders is born and found four times more frequently in females.

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Largest pyramid in the world is found in Bosnia, built by Illyrians

A television documentary aired by the History Channel, has demonstrated overlooking the pyramids of Visoko in Bosnia, pyramid that has two separate. First is the highest and largest in the world but even more ancient even than the pyramids of Egypt.

Secondly, because this pyramid was built by the Illyrians and the base material used was concrete, demonstrating that 12 350 years ago, when it was built this pyramid, Illyrian civilization, which belong to the Albanians, has been significantly in advance of the other civilizations.

Dr.. Osmonogic, Bosnian archeology, documentary confirms this fact and considers that if this pyramid will completely unravel, (because it is covered and where we grow herbs, then the world would change history for the Illyrians and their culture has been developed so SACE concrete pyramids he has 12 350 years and was built by the Illyrian civilization was clearly understood that there was much more advanced than what we, today.

This theory is obviously that archaelogist Osmonogic makes us feel proud of our origins. On the other hand, this theory opens a curtain of darkness of time, ranking as the fact that so why other nations have always loved the chopped Albania.

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